System and apparatus for pumping hazardous liquids



Dec. 14,` 1937.

G. A. uN'GA-R SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR PUMPlNG HAZARDOUS' LIQUIDS 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 11 Dec.' 14, 1937;

G. A. UNGAR SYSTEM AND APPARATUS -FOR PUMPING `HAZARDOUS* LIQUIDS v sheets-sheet 2 Filed May 11 .u az xzE.

INVENTOR De 14, 1,937. A UNG'R 2,102,140

SYSTEMAND AP'PARATUS FOR PUMPING HAZARDOUS LIQUIDS Filed May 11, 1933 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 TANK No. 2.

TANK No.

14, 1937. G. A. UNGAR 2,102,140

SYSTEM ANI? APPARATUS FOR PUM'ING HAZARDOUS LIQUIDS 4 De@ 14, 1937. G; A. UNGAR 2,102,140

SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR PUMPING HAZARDOUS LIQUIDS Filed May ll, 1933 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 f fgg Lig- 15- v-4165. 45o

GUSTA.'

Fig. EE. Fig. EU.

Dec. 14, 1937. G,t A, UNGAR v 2,102,140

SYSTEM ANDKAPPARATUS FOR PUMFING HAZARDOUS LIQUIDS Filed May ll, 1953 '7 Sheets-Sheet 6 l De. 14, 1,937. j A G. A. UNGAR SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FORPUMFING HAZARDOUS LIQUIDS Filed'May 11, 19:55 7 sheets-sheet 7 R O T u N E V. W

R A .G N U Gus'rAvE some instances prohibitive from the standpoint Patented Dec. 14, 1937" -sYs'rEM AND APPARATUS Foa PUMPmG nAzAnnoUs LIQUms Gustave A. Ungar, Pelham Manor, N. Y.

Application May 11, 1933,` Serial No. 670,426

PATENT OFFICE 18 Claims. (Cl. .QM-95) My invention relates particularly to the handling of what are commonly termed hazardous liquids which are required to be stored and from time to time dispensed in controlled quantities.

Such liquids are sometimes themselves inflammable at relatively low temperatures and other liquidsform vapors which are inflammable and when combined with air highly explosive.

The storage of such liquids has been a difficult and dangerous problem. In fact, according to the usual methods the danger'is so great that Vthe insurance rates are extremely high and in of usual insurance risks.

The new oil-hydraulic system has been develvoped with a view to eliminate the'fire hazard and the unreliability of all existing methods used to pump iniiammable liquids. While the following description principally describes the system as employed for the dispensing of gasoline, it is apparent that the principle is of equal impor- -tance fo'r other uses such as the unloading of gasoline tank trucks, the 'unloading of bulk tanks or of ships bunkers containing inflammable liquids, etc.l This new oil-hydraulic system is based upon the definite elimination of the possibility of forming lexplosive mixtures of vapor and air which are ever present with suction lines, and also upon the removal of external stuiing boxes, belt or gear drives and of electric motors, switches and power conduits entirely from the vicinity of all parts containing inflammable liquids.

i The pump which handles the inflammable liquid is driven by means of an oil-hydraulic motor with which it forms an integral unit. I'his unit is'placedV inside the tank containing the inflammable liquid, or if this is impossible for structural reasons, right on top of the tank. In this manner the inflammable liquid is forced out and not sucked out, and therefore the possibility of forming vaporsby suction is denitely eliminated. The unit consisting of the pump handling the inflammable liquid and of its oil-hydraulic motor has no external moving parts which may cause friction and heat and consequently produce fire hazard. It is therefore possible to submerge this unit into the inflammable liquid.

The pump handling the inflammable liquid is of such a design that there is no mechanical contact or friction of the moving parts. The oil operated motor is always submerged in the oil or other suitable lubricating hydraulic liquid,

which lubricates all its moving parts. A selfadjusting packing device prevents leakage of the` hydraulic loil into the pump. The oil-hydraulic since it is away from the hazardous vicinity of' the inflammable liquid.

'I'he system in its simplest form is shown diagrammatically as applied to a gasoline dispensing station consisting of two units.

With the conventional electric pumping station, each underground tank requires a suction line of forty feet average lengthbetween tank and pump and in many instances considerably longer. With the center of the tank six feet below ground, a considerable suction lift has to be overcome, causing formation of `gasoline vapor, which frequently, with high test gasoline, causes vapor-lock, i. e., stoppage of the flow of liquid through the suction pipe. If there is the slightest leak in the pipe, air is sucked in, producing a highly inammable mixture, which at the same time considerably affects the accuracy of the meter. The pump must be driven by means of vapor-proof electric motors, but in spite of special motor designs and the greatest care exerted in construction and installation of wiring and switches, their close vicinity to gasoline and gasoline vapor carrying parts constitute an Yever present great ilre hazard.

` suction lifts from eighteen to twenty feet for. dispensing stands located on the street level are not at all uncommon and .it is practically impossible to avoid gasoline vapor formation under such conditions. y

Conventional electric umts are equipped with air eliminators to remove air and vapor between pumps and meters. since with gasoline suction lines it is impossible to arrange air and gas eliminating devices until the mixture has passed through the pump. The formation of explosive mixtures is therefore always threatened between tank and meter. The air and vapor eliminators used with all electric pumping types installed 5 contents of the suction line and tankright into the building. This discharge from vapor elimiinators can be ignited, producing a iiame which f may be several feet long, like a blow torch.

With all pumps having long suction lines, the

HEISSUED JUL 2l 1942 rate of gasoline discharge varies with the change of the liquid level in thehunderground tank. This variation has a decided effect upon the rate of pump delivery and consequently uponthe accuracy of the meters.

As will be seen, the new oil-hydraulic system operates without gasoline suction lines. The pump-motor unit will be described in detail later, as will also be the mounting of this unit in relation to the tank.

One arrangement provides for manual control. A master oil pump of suitable design, preferably oi the positive displacement type, so as to make its rate of delivery independent of the working pressure, is located a safe distance away from the gasoline tanks and stands. It is driven by means of an electric motor with a manually operated switch.

A bypass valve is provided to protect motor, pump and oil lines against excessive pressure.

An oil pressure line leads from the pump to a control valve located in the nearest dispensing stand, from there to the valve in next stand, and then to as many stands as it is desired to operate from one master pump. An oil return line leads back to the oil reservoir from the last stand. Each oil-hydraulic control valve is .connected by means of an oil inlet and oil outlet line with its pump-motor unit located inside the gasoline tank. Each unit is connected with its stand also through a gasoline discharge pipe, which leads through a suitable strainer to a meter with its dial, then through a gasoline hose to the dispensing nozzle.

'I'he pump-motor unit inside the tank is provided with a foot-valve in order to keep the entire gasoline line full of liquid so as to prevent the passage of air or vapor through the meter when starting the unit. There is no danger oi.' the pump ever losing its prime even if the foot valve should leak, since the pump inlet is always submerged in gasoline. A bypass valve is also arranged, which opens in case of excess pressure, permitting. the liquid under pressure to return directly into the tank without having to travel first through long return lines. Built into the hydraulic pump-motor unit is also a Water trap valve of the conventional type. If the water level in the tank risesabove a certain predetermined height, then the oat lifts up the valve and prevents any liquid from entering the pump until the water has been taken out of the tank through separate openings provided for n this purpose.

. Gasoline always enters the pump intake by streaming .horizontally over .the water trap valve. This prevents any-possibility of picking up any of the dirt or mud, which is a'tthe bottom of the tank and which accumulates particularly near the separating surface between water and gasoline.

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic vertical projection and partialsection of a simplified form of apparatus-embodying'my invention showing two liquid dispensing stands or stations served from a. common remotely locatedliquid pressure source and each controlled by a hand actuated valve.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view partly diagrammatic illustrating one of the combined liquid motor and pumping units.

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view of the same on the plane of the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic elevation and partial section in which the remotely located pressure source is vstarted and stopped automatically byV manually controlled demand at a dispensing station. 'Fimisasectionalviewotapartofthe ,stations ceases.

Fig. 7 is a side view and partial section of one of the control valves located at a dispensing station of the system shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is asectional view and side elevation of the same. A

Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view of one of the liquid' motor and pump units, the section being taken partly on the plane of the line 9 9 of Fig. lland line SIX- 9X of Fig. 13.

Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional view of the motor and-pump unit principally on the plane of the line Ill-i0 of Fig. 12.

Fig. 11 is a plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 9.

Fig. 12 is a partial section and plan on the planes of the lines I 2-i2 and I 2X-IZX of Fig. 10. 'i

Fig. 13 is a section'and plan on the planes oi the lines I3-i3 and I3X-i3X of'Fig. 10.

Fig. 14 is a section and plan on the plane of the line I4-I4 of Fig. 10.

- Fig. l5 is a vertical sectional view on a larger scale showing an alternative form of seal between a liquid motor and its pump.

Fig. 16 is a vertical sectional view showing the installation of one of the motor and pump units in a subterranean storage tank.

Fig. 17 is a vertical sectional view and side elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 16 but on a larger scale, the parts being broken away to save space.

Fig. 18 is a plan view showing parts of the mechanism of Fig. 17.

, Fig. 19 is a fragmentary view showing another method of installation of one of the liquid motor and pump units in connection with the storage reservoir which might or might not be located below ground.

Fig. 20 is a plan view of the same.

Fig. 21 is a vertical sectional view of one of the pressure and control units required for the system shown diagrammatically' in Fig. 4.

Fig. 22 is a vertical sectional view of the same on a plane generally at right angles t0 Athat of the view of Fig. 21.

Fig. 23 is a plan and section on the plane of the line 23---23 of Fig. 21.

Fig. 24 is a vertical projection and 'section on the plane of the line 24-24 of Fig. 26.

Fig. 25 is a section and side elevation on the plane of the line 25-25 of Fig. 26.

Fig. 26 is a side view and vertical section on the plane of the line 2.6-26 of Fig. 24.

Fig. 27 is a fragmentary side view on the same plane as Fig. 24 but lshowing the dispensing hose and its supporting pulley drawn out for use.

Fig. l shows two storage tanks 30, 30 but it will be understood that one or more storage tanks such as gasoline and certain features of the invention are'particularly applicable to such ap' paratus, but it should be understood that other features are broadly applicable to the storage and rservice .of other liquids which do not have the same commercial and practical requirements for dispensing.

In the form shown each stand has the custom.- ary meter 3| with its indicator 32 and a visible gauge 33, a flexible hose 34 and a discharge nozzle 35, usually controlled by a hand actuated valve. The problem then is to force the liquid from the tank through the meter, gauge, hose and nozzle to some receptacle.

Power unit 35 is located preferably within the tank although in some cases, as will hereinafter appear, the unit might be located upon or adjacent the storage tank.

This power unit consists of a casing which may conveniently be madeup of a series of sections, namely, a manifold or head 31, an upper bearing unit and motor head 38, a liquid motor housing 39 which carries the lower bearings, an intermediate sealing member 40 forming the upper head of the pump unit 4I, a liquid pump member 4I, a lower pump head 42, a, housing 43,con

taining a'. bypass and foot valve, a pump'inlet member 44, and a water trap member 45.

The liquid motor may be of any suitable type f through an inlet passage 48 and discharged through a passage 49. In other words, the passage of the liquid under pressure through'the casing rotates the motor elements 46,'46 and drives the' shafts 41, 41. ,These shafts also have on their lower en ds the .pump elements 50, 50 which may be of any suitable type but preferably 'of a type in which metal-to-metal contact between the pumping elements is avoided, such for instance as in the positive displacement type having cam shaped rotors or toothed gears free ,of contact with eachother. In some cases, however, other types, such as centrifugal or turbine pumps, might be employed.

Liquid` is introduced in the inlet 5I past the spring pressed or weighted foot valve 52 to the pump. The discharge from the pump passes through the outlet 53. IQalso preferably provide a bypass outlet into the tank through the passage 54, the bypass valve 55 and' the outlet open- `ing 56 so that excess pressure of the liquid is re lieved when necessary. In the bottom of the unit is located a float member 51 which carriesy a valve 58. .This oat sinks in gasoline or the liquid normally supposed to be inthe tank but rises incase water, which is of greater specific gravity than gasoline, .accumulates'f-inthe bottom of the tank above a predetermined level. When this occurs the float 51 is lifted and the valve 58 closes the inlet to the foot valve of the pump and thus instantly shuts olf the discharge and notifies the attendant to inspect the tank and correct the difficulty by removing the water.

In the form shown in Fig. 9 each of the shafts 41 has a ball bearing 60 at its upper end and 6| below the motor member. This shaft has a collar 82 secured to its upper end which holds the upper bearing in place and it has a flange 63 on its lower end to hold the lower bearing in place.

- a motor of the 'I'his latter flange also s erves as a packing, or

metallic sealing device between the motor chamber and the pump chamber. The pressure of the oil or other hydraulic liquid in the motorv chamber will always be-greater than the pressure of the liquid' in the pump unit so that the oil pres- ,Qsure or the like will ordinarily keep the bearing tight and in case of leakage the oil may pass into :the pump chamber. Fever, be very slight.

This leakage would, how- One modification of this is shown in Fig. 15. In this case the pump member 50' is keyed to the lower end of the shaft 41 and is recessed to al low for the self adjusting sealing device which includes a cup-shaped member 64 which is screwed into the partition plate 40. Inside of the member 64 is a sleeve 65 which has a flange B6 which has a bearing against the bottom of the cup member 64.

A driving ring 61 is clamped between the bearing 6I and the'flange 53 on the shaft so that it rotates with the shaft. The ring member 61 and the sleeve 65 have an interlocking key-like connection 68 `so that they rotate together but so that the member 65 can vmove axially of the shaft and also have acertain degree of lateral freedomof movement. Packing ring or rings B9 of suitable resilientmaterial is supported on the flange 65 in;the sleeve '65 and is pressed downwardly by the spring 18 and thepressure of such hydraulic liquid as may leak into this space through the bearing above. `In this way a complete seal is effected around the shaft 41 and a sealing contact is maintained between the lower end of the sleeve 65 and the lower end of the cup 84 which contact permits of very considerable displacement of the shaft and/or pump member and yet insures a tight joint which maintains itself in a self adjusting relation.

In some cases the hydraulic motor members may be geared together by gea-rs substituted for the collars 62. If it desired to employ a positive displacement motor of the single rotor type or bine type, then one of the shafts 41 can be dispe se'd with. In that event a single rotor pump. preferably of the centrifugal or, turbine type will beused. f

The parts'of the combination motorandpump unit consisting of the members 31,38, 39, 48, 4|

and 42 andthe enclosed members are held to- -gether by a nnu'i'nberv of bolts or cap screws 1I and may be'further positioned Aby dowel pins 12. The water trap member and the inlet and feed valve sections `are secured to the motor and pump unitbya numberof bolts or cap screws 13 so that the trap and valve members may be removed for inspection and repair separately.

Fig. 1'1 shows one method of supporting this motor and pump unit in the tank or reservoir 30. The conduits or pipes 14, 15 and 15 have their ends connected to the top plate or flange 11 which is secured to the manifold 31 by bolts or cap screws 11' and kept tight by suitable gasket or otherwise.

Iend of a riser pipe 19, the -lower end of which is screwed into a flange 19' which is welded to the upper wall of the storage tank 30. The upper end of the riser is slidably connected with theA I .Y u?.

casting 18 so as to maintain a tight connection The pipe 14 registers with the oil inlet 48 and the outlet lpipe 15 registers with the to permit relative vertical adjustment or displacement of one with respect to the other.

Two threaded rings or nuts and 80' are screwed on to the upper end of the riser and an elastic packing ring'. 8i is provided which is tightly clamped between the nuts to provide a tight joint inside the casting 18.

The upper ends of the pipes 14l 15 and 16 are secured in a flange 82 corresponding to the ange 11 and secured to the bottom of the top manifold 83 by a number of screws or bolts 84 andthe joints kept tight by a suitable gasket.

The inlet pipe 85 communicates with the pipe I 14 by a passage 85' part of which is in the casting 18 and the balance in the head plate 83. The outlet 15 registers with a passage 86 in the head and the outlet pipe 88. The gasoline outlet pipe 18 at its upper end registers with a passage 81 which in turn communicates with the pipe 81 which leads to the dispensing stand.

It will be seen that the entire motor and pump unit with the attached pipes 14, 15 and 18 and the head plate 83 constitute a unit which is adapted to be readily inserted and removed and held in place by cap screws 88 within the chamber 89 which forms an extension on the upper part of the casting18. This chamber is normally closed by a suitable trap door 90. By opening this trap door and retracting the cap screws 88 the motor and pump unit may be readily withdrawn by means ofthe eyebolt 9|. Obviously the joint between the rim of the head plate 83 and the upper face of the casting 18 will besuitably and no mechanical parts are movable into or out.

of the tank during the ordinaryv use of the system. There is, therefore, no possibility of electric discharge, heat or sparks occasioned by friction or by the discharge of electricity.

The necessary hydraulic pressure for operating the motor is produced at some point remote from the dispensing stand. In this way any suitable liquid pressure creating means may be employed and driven by any suitable means such as an electric motor or belt-driven device which would be prohibited in usual systems of this type. Of course the primary or master pump unit may-be suitably housed or protected against fire or other hazards depending upon the circumstances.A It may be located, so far as the storage is concerned, so as to be entirely free of hazard, by reason of its location alone.

A typical installation might include a master oil pump 92 driven by an electric motor 93. The pump may be of any suitable type but preferably of the positive displacement type, the capacity of which is practically independent of the pressure head against which it operates.

A reservoir 94 supplies oil to the pump through an inlet pipe 94'. A pipe line consisting of the parts 95, 96 and 91 connectsl the outlet of the pump 92 with the tank 94. There is also a bypass 98 leading from the pump outlet back to the pump inlet and the reservoir and the spring pressed valve 98 controls this passage which is opened only under pressures exceeding the maximum operating pressure.

A valve such as 99 and 99 is provided for each vter motor 93 and the pump 92 may be started in any suitable manner either by means of a.

switch |00 adjacent the motor or by a suitable switch located adjacent the dispensing stand if conditions there permit. When the master pump 92 is started oil is circulated through the pipe 95 and through the valve 99 (which is presumed to be set at right angles to the position shown in Fig. 1) and thence through pipe 98, valve 99', pipe 91 back to the reservoir 94. Such operation can be continued indefinitely although, of course, without performing any useful work and without any hazard at the dispensing stands since nothing is moving through the system except oil.

In case the valve 99 is set to the position shown in Fig. 1 by movement for instance of the handle 99A oil is diverted through the pipe 85 of the adjacent unit to the motor pump unit 36 to which it is connected. Thence the oil will pass through the hydraulic motor of that unit through the pipe 88 to the pipe 98 and so on back to the reservoir 94, thus setting in -motion the pump unit of stand No. 2. o

As long as the discharge nozzle is closed the gasoline will be circulated through the bypass and back into the storage tank. As soon as the I discharge nozzle of that stand is open the gasoline will be discharged in the usual manner.

In case the valve 99 of stand No. 1 is turned at right angles the oil will be converted from tank N o. 1 and that pumping unit will operate in the same manner as previously described. It is obvious that either stand may be operated alone or the two may both be operated simultaneously.

' pipe 98 through 85 to the pump unit ofstorage It there are more than two stations then the oil continues to pass through the various hydraulic motors which will all operate in series. All of the motors will thus operate at the same speed provided the master pump 92,is of the positive displacement type. The only difference will be lthe increased pressure required in the oil line and consequently the greater load on the electric motor.

If we assume the force necessary to operate a single hydraulic motor to be pounds per square inch, then the master pump must deliver oil under this pressure plus the amount necessary to overcome pipe friction. For operating two hydraulic units simultaneously the pump pres' sure would be 200 pounds plus the pipe friction for the two units. For three or more units the pressure would be calculated in the same manner.

As soon as the ncontrol valve is turned' to the position of the valve 99' for stand No. 1 the pump unit for that stand immediately stops. This does not effect the output of a. master pump of positive displacement provided it is driven by a power source of constant speed such as a constant speed electric motor.y

'I'he control valves may be provided with a pullback spring such as 10| (as shown in Fig'. 6) to automatically stop the pumping unit when the valve is released.

'Ihe valve may also be controlled by a connection |02 connected to the discharge hose 34 so that the valve 99 will only be operated to startthe motor when the hose 84 is' drawn out or pulled away from the stand. Itwill be readily seen that with the system herein described the individual dispensing stands canI be placed wher- 'i from the vicinity of the gasoline may be of any suitable design. A

The construction illustrated in Fig. 4 is intended to start the master pump automatically whenever there is a demand at any one of the dispensing stands. The arrangement of the oil reservoir, master pumping unit and general conduit sys- 'tem and the construction ofthe combination motor and pump units associated with the respective storage tanks may be the same as heretofore described. In this case, however, a valve such as the valve |05 located at each dispensing stand is of. the. three-way type. A starting device |06 is provided, connected by pipe |01 to valve |05. This unit is also connected by pipe |08 with the oil reservoir. A valve |09 is normally open so that the conduit from the pump 92 is open through pipes 95, 96, valves |05 and |05, pipe |01, starting unit |06, pipe |09 back to the oil reservoir. V y

There is also for each 'valve |05 and |05? an individual pressure chamber ||0 containing oil and communicating by pipe with the pipe 96 or 95 as the case maybe. A check valve |2 nor'- mally closes the entrance to each -pipe and a pipe ||3 connects Tthe bottom of each pressure l chamber ||0 with its-respective three-way valve |05 or |05'. A check valve Mnormally prevents the passage' of oil into pipe 85.

Pipe ||5 connects pipe 95 with the upper end of the control unit beneath the plungeror piston ||6 which is located beneath the switch arm ||1 which controls the switch I8 in the motor circuit. A spring ||9 tends to pull the switch arml 'One branch has an adjustable orice controlled by a needle valve |26 and the other branch is controlled by a spring pressed valve |21. The switch lever 12| has an arm |28 adapted to be engaged bythe piston |15.

When all of the valves |95, |05', etc. are closed,

that is, in the position'of valve |05 shown in stand No. 1 in Fig. 4, the pressure remains in the pressure chambers I0. As the motor pumping units have all been shut oii` and the main line is open, oil from the master pump 92 circulates freely with merely the'pressure required to overccme friction in the pipe line. As this pressure is not suicient to hold up the piston ||6, the

spring ||9 draws d own the switch arm,||1 and opens the motor circuit so as to stop the master pump.

When the valve |05 is moved from the position y shown at the left in Fig. 4, to the position correspending to that of the valve |95', pressure from its starting chamber ||0 iorcesloil through the valve |05 into the pipe 96 and back through valve not' and the pipes as and H5 to lift the piston or plunger H6 and the switch lever ||1 and close the switch ||0 to start the electric motor and operate the pump. The full pump pressure is.

thus made available, as previously described with respectvto the system of Fig. 1, and such pressure is sufficient to open the check valve |15 and operate the motor pump unit in thestorage tank No. 1, as previously described.

When the valve |05 is in the position shown in Fig. 4, pressure from its pressure tank H0 forces cil through pipes 95 and ||5 back to the unit |05 to lift the piston H6. Thus, the opening of either valve `|05 or |05 serves to start the electric motor 93, and pressure from one of the tanks ||0 will be exerted on piston l i6 as long as either of them remains open.

In case thepressure in the chamber l |0 has for Jany reason become so low, due to leakage or otherwise,.that it is, insufficient to lift up the plunger or piston ||6 and start the motor, as above described, the motor circuit may be closed by means of the hand lever |21 and switch |20.

The operation of this lever in an upward direction to` close the circuit into the position shown in' Fig. 5 lifts the piston valve |09 and thereby closes the connection between the return pipes |01 and |08 and forces liquid from above the piston valve |09 through the passage |06 and past the needle valve and the check valve back t'o the lower endl of the piston valve chamber. At the same time the spring |23 is compressed, the motor is thus started, and the master pump 92 delivers oil to the system. C

Since the piston valve |09 shuts off the return connection the pressure is rapidly built up in the pipes 95 and ||5 including the pressure chambers ||0. ,l This rising'pressure in the' pipe ||5 soon becomes suilicient to lift the piston I6 and operate the switch lever ,|2| to open the circuit of the main power motor, thereby shutting off the master pump and leaving the system in condition tov start automatically in the normal way whenever any one of the valves |05 or |05 is open.

The spring |23 .serves to automatically draw down the switch lever |2| and open the switch through contacts |20 when the operator lets go of the lever |2|. 'I'he return action, however, is

' retarded by the dash pot action ofthe piston valve |09 controlled by the passage of the oil past the needle valve |26 and blocked by the' check valve' |21. The system is therefore protected automatically against useless continued action and consequent loss and danger in case of a leak in the pipe line. In other words, the drop in pressure due to leakage inthe system automatically shuts off the power and compels "the 'attendant to inspect the system.

The three-way valve l|05 and oil pressure chamber ||0 are more fully shown in detail in Figs. 21, 22 and 23. For convenience in construction and installation the valve |05 is mounted in a valve casing |30 which is'mounted on a bed plate |3| `which contains the connections for the main line pressure pipes 96 and |01 and the local unit oil pipe connections and 86.

The pressure chamber ||0 ymay conveniently be bolted onto the upper end of the valve casing |30. The check valves ||2'and ||4 may also'be conveniently located in passages in the casing |30 and made externally accessible for the purpose^of insertion and adjustment. The position of the valve shown in Fig. 21 corresponds with the position of the left hand-valve |05 in Fig. 4. The valve |05 can, of course, be 'operated by hand ses,4

or automatically with the movement of the discharge hose, as described in reference to that shown in Fig. 6.

In the system illustrated in Figs. 6, 7 and 8, the main motor switch |40 is normally held open by a spring |4| and adapted to be closed by a piston |42 connected by a pipe |43 to the discharge pipe 95 leading from the master pump. This switch is also' adapted to be closed by the action of plunger |44 and diaphragm |45, the upper surface of which is connected by pipe |46 to a series of control members, one located adjacent each of the oil valves 99, 99', etc. A spring |41 tends to lift the diaphragm |45. A reservoir |48 is connected to the upper side of the diaphragm |45 through a spring seated outlet valve |49 and a pressure relief valve |50.

The control valve shown in detail in Figs. 7

' and 8 is mounted in a casing |5| and adapted to be actuated, as previously described, by the pull chain or rod |02 and the spring |0| in opposite directions.

The valve housing or casing |5| has a lower portion |52 and between them is located a diaphragm |53 which supports a plunger |54. The lower'surface of the diaphragm |53 is normally raised by the spring |55 and the plunger |55. An oil chamber below the diaphragm communicates with the oil pipe |46 leading from the plunger .|44 and a connecting pipe |46' leading to the next more remote dispensing unit. The valve arm |56 carries a cam member |51, normally under tension of the spring |58. When the valve 99 is operated to start the system, cam member rv |51 engages the upper end of the plunger |54 (which may be provided with an anti-friction roller) and forces theiaphragm |53 downwardso as to `force the liquid beneath the diaphragm back through the pipe |46; to the upper side of by the pressure of oil from the pipe |46 caused by the action of the spring |41` The return Amovement of the plunger |54 is`appropriately controlled in the nature of the dash pot action by the action of a needle valve |60 and a spring pressed valve |6|.

As pressure has already been built up in the system, the plunger |42 is raised and holds the switch |40 closed regardless of the returning movement of the plunger |44. In fact,l the master pump unitl will continue to operate so long as there isra demand upon one or more of the dispensing stands. When the valve 99 which has been operated is released or returned to its closed position, the cam member |51 is permitted by its hinged action to snap over the top of the plunger I 54A withou't effecting Vor operating the same. When all of the dispensing stands are shut oil' the pressure in the main pipe line drops and the spring |4| opens the switch |40 and shuts of! the power motor.

Figs. 19 and 20 show an alternate method of installation of the motor pump unit 36 in a storage tank In this case the manifold 10 is mounted in the top of the tank and welded or otherwise permanently secured thereto. The flange 82' is in this case secured to the underside of the manifold 18' by cap screws 84'. It is obvious that the length of the pipes 14, 15 and 16 will be made such as to properly locate the inlet of the motor pump unit in the proper position in the storage tank and, in fact, the motor pump unit might be secured directly to the bottom of the manifold 18. While I have shown a motor pump unit in which the inlet is at the bottom and the outlet is at the top, it should be understood that the invention in its broader aspect is not limited to such aconstruction or arrangement.

To install a motor pump unit in this manner I provide a hand hole or man hole with a cover plate |63 through which the motor pump unit with the interior connections may be inserted or removed.

So far as the motor and pump system is concerned it is immaterial how the discharge hose and nozzle are constructed and installed but the fact that the power unit is located remotely to the dispensing stand makes it possible to provide other conveniences and safeguards within a space corresponding to that ordinarily employed in installations of this character. In Figs. 24 to 27, therefore, I have shown a dispensing stand having novel features of utility in connection with the system above described and also having independent utility and which may be coordinated with other methods of gasoline supply.

The main housing |69 includes the gasoline pipe 81, previously mentioned, together with the meter 3|, the indicator 32, and the visible gauge 33. It .also may conveniently include the automatic valve |05 enclosed in the casing |30. I have also 'shown in connection with this valve the simplified installation embodying the pressure chamber ||0 and the connections for the oil pressure pipes 85, 86, 96 and 91.

The dispensing hose 34 has a suitable nozzle and has its inner end connected to the discharge |10 from the visible gauge. 'Ihis hose is normally supported by pulleys |1| and |12 in the position shown in Figs. 24 and 26. The pulley |1| is provided with a weight |13 and the pulley |12 is mounted on an arm |14 hinged at |15. These pulleys may conveniently be installed in a separate compartment |16 within the main housing |69. The pulley |1| and its weight |13 are guided behind vertical rails |11 so that thel pulley can rise and fall but will stay within the casing |16. The arm |14 is under tension of spring |16 which has its front end attached to the casing |16. 'I'he tension of this spring, together withthe weight of the pulley |1| and attached parts, tend to hold the arm 14 Vand pulley |12 in the position shown in Fig. 24. Whenthe nozzle 35 and attached hose are pulled out the pulley |1| is raised and the pulley |12 swings outwardly into the position shown in Fig. 27, leaving the nozzle and hose free to be moved about for convenience in dispensing thel gasoline. When the nozzle is released the weight of the pulley |1| and attached parts pulls downwardly on the hose so that the nozzle is retracted into the casing as shown in Fig. 24, the movement of the arm |14 and pulley |12 being expedited by the spring |10. 'I'his affords a simple but compact and practical method of automatically retracting the hose and stowing away the nozzle into the casing where it can be locked or otherwise secured in any suitable manner (not shown). A'

As an additional safety precaution I may provide an inclined drip pan |19 which serves as an abutment for. the outlet end of the nozzle 35 so l scribed may very conveniently be utilized for the operation of the valve for controlling the starting and stopping of the master pump unit, previously described. For this purpose I provide a lever |80 which is pivoted at |8| and connected by a rod |82 to the lever |83 of the control valve |05. A spring |84 may be mounted on the rod |82 to augment the `eilect of gravity in holding the lever |80 and rod |82 normally downward, as shown in Fig. 25 in the non-actuating position of the valve |05. The shaft |85 of the pulley engages the lever |80 when the pulley is raised to the position of Fig. 27. For convenient balancing of forces the lever |80 is in the form of a fork with two arms to be engaged by the opposite ends of the shaft |85, and a connection |86 to the rod |82 passes through va slot |81 in one Wall of the casing. This liftingv of the lever |80 and the attached rod |82 operates the valve |05 to start the master pump action, as previously described. When the nozzle and hose are released either accidentally or intentionally the pulley descends and the lever |80 being lreleased, the spring |84 assisted by the Weight of the attached parts immediately shuts oil' the valve |05 and stops the master motor and pump unless some other stand demands its continued service.

'I'he pressure chamber ||0 utilized for starting the master pump unit serves as a convenient means at the stand for providing an extra safety device for making it impossible to start the master pump in case of a lire at the dispensingstand. For this purpose a fusible plug |90v may be provided in a Wall of the pressure chamber ||0. In

case` of a rise of temperature above a predetermined safe degree, this plug will melt and release the pressure in the chamber ||0, thus mak-l ing it impossible to start the master pump unit even if the valve |05 is operated.

An extra precautional protection may alsobe provided at the master pump unit by arranging for the creation of an automatic leak in the oil line cr by providing a, fusible link in the electric power line, thereby safeguarding the entire system against either intentional or accidental operation of the system in case of fire.

I claim:

1. A pumping system for dangerous liquid cornprising a master pump and connected conduit, a remote motor-pump unit driven by liquid forced through the conduit by the master pump, and means for automatically ydisabling the master pump in case of a leak in the conduit.

2. In a system for supplying dangerous lquids, a supply reservoirand conduit normally'under atmospheric pressure, a liquid driving motor pump connected to the conduit, an electrically driven master pump, a pressure closed switch mechanism for controlling the starting of the master pump, a' valve for controlling the conduit to themotor pump, means for storing 'pressure during the operation of the master pump, means for transmitting this stored pressure to said switch lmecliarliism to start the master pump when the valve is opened to admit liquid to the motor pump,

ymeans for maintaining pressure on the switch mechanism While the `system is operating, and means. actuated by the valve to reduce the pressure in the system so as to open the switchand l stop the master pump. l

` 3. A pumping system comprising a master pump and a circulating conduit for liquid, a storage tank, a motor pump connected to the conduit vthe tank and a oat valve in the bottomof the unit to shut oi the pump automatically when the level of water in the tank reaches a predetermined' maximum height in the tank.

5. A pumping system comprising a main housing, a motor pump for forcing liquid out of the housing, a hose, a guide pulley for the hose mounted in the housing and supported to move into and out of the housing with the hose, and a drain for carrying drip from the hose outside the housing.

6. A pumping'system having a discharge hose,

pulleys for guiding said hose, and pumping means controlled by one of the pulleys for causing liquid to be discharged from said hose.

7. A liquid pumping system comprising a discharge hose, a vertically movable guide pulley therefor, a valve controlled by the Vertical move- 'ment of the pulley, and a pump controlled by said valve.

8. In a system for pumping volatile liquids, a storage tank for the liquid, a, liquid driven motor pump unit submerged in the liquid of the tankA near the bottom thereof and having an inlet for vthe volatile liquid at the/bottom of the unit and an outlet for said liquid at the top of the unit and avalhve in the bottom of the unit and means controlled by the action thereof to stop the operation of the pump automatically in case Water in the tank rises to a predetermined maximum depth in the tank.

9.' In a system for pumping a volatile liquid, a closed storage tank for the liquid having a discharge outlet pipe, a liquid, motor driven pump submerged in the liquid in the tank for forcing liquid from said pipe, the liquid in the pump and attached conduits beingj normally under atmos pheric pressure, a liquid circulating system connected to the motor having a supply reservoir and an electrically driven pump for forcing liquid from the reservoir through the circulating system and returning theliquid to the reservoir, avalve in the circulating system located outside of the tank and between the inlet and outlet to the submerged liquid motor driven pump for controlling the starting and stopping of the electrically driven pump and pressure actuated means for actuating said valve..

10. In a system for pumping a volatile liquid, a closed storage tank-for the liquid having a discharge outlet pipe, a liquid motor driven pump submerged inthe liquid inthe tank for forcing motor having a supply reservoirand an electrically driven pump for forcing, liquid from the reservoir through the circulating system and returning the liquid to the reservoir and a valve controlled source of pressure for affecting the operation of the electricallydriven pump.

11. In a system for pumping a-volatile liquid, a closed storage tank for the liquid having a discharge outlet pipe, a liquid motor driven pump submerged in the liquid in the tank for forcing liquid from said pipe, the liquid in the pump-and in the attached conduits being normally under atmospheric pressure when the system is not pumping, a liquid circulating system connected to the motor having a supply reservoir and an elec. .trically driven pump for forcing liquid from the reservoir through the circulating system and returning the liquid to the reservoir and a manually controlled .device including a valve located in the circulating system for starting and stopping the electrically driven pump simultaneously with the submerged liquid motor driven pump. l

12. In a pumping system for hazardous liquids, a series of storage tanks for such liquids, a combined liquid motor and supply pump unit associated with each tank so that the pump can force liquid from the tank. a main conduit, a master pump for circulating a power liquid through said main conduit, a pair of branch conduits conecting said main conduit with each liqto close the main conduit and divert liquid through the respective branch conduits and the liquid motors at the tanks when it is desired to actuate the supply pumps, said valves being independently operable to permit selective operation of the respective supply pumps.

40 tank, a master pump for supplying liquid to the various tank motors, a pump in each tank, means for supplying each tank with liquid, means for withdrawing the pumped liquid from each tank, and means for starting and stopping the master pump for operating any of the tank motors, whereby each tank and its discharge means may be normally without pressure when not in usea supplemental pressure tank adapted to retain pressure when said tanks do not, and means for starting the master pump in response to thqqpressure in said supplemental pressure tank.

14. In a pumping system for hazardous liquids, a plurality of tanks, an hydraulic motor in each i tank, a master pump for supplying liquid to the -various tank motors, a pump in each tank, means for supplying each tank with liquid, means for withdrawing the pumped liquid from each tank,

and means for starting and stopping the master pump for operating any of the 'tank motors, whereby each tank and its discharge means may be normally without pressure when not in use.' a supplemental pressure tank adapted to retain pressure when said tanks do not, and means for starting the master pump in response to the pressure in'said supplementalpressure tank, and a thermal means for releasing pressure in said supplemental pressure tank in response to a prede` termined temperature.

15. In a pumping system for volatile hazardous liquids, a plurality of tanks, a fluid motor and pump for each tank adapted to force the contents from said tank, a movable pipe through which the liquid from each of said tanks is discharged, a master pump for supplying iluid to operate each of the tank motors, a supplemental pressure tank for 'retaining some of the master pump iluid under pressure when said master pump is not in operation, a valve for each of said plurality of tanks for controlling the supply of said master pump iluid to the tank motor, each of said valves being also adapted to release pressure from said supplemental tank, and means responsive to the release of pressure from said supplemental tank for starting the master pump.

16. In a pumping system for volatile hazardous liquids, a plurality of tanks, a liquid motor and pump for each tank adapted to force the liquid from the tank, a master pump for supplying liquid to operate each of the motors, a supplemental pressure means adjacent each tank, a switch member for starting the master pump by closing a circuit on transmission of a predetermined pressure from said supplemental pressure means, means for opening said switch member when the pressure falls below a predetermined value, a valve for each tank adapted to connect or disconnect its tank motor with the master pump, and means for transmitting the pressure of said supplemental pressure means to said switch member for starting the master pump.

17. In a pumping system for volatile hazardous liquids, aplurality of tanks, a liquid motor and pump for each tank adapted to force the liquid from the tank, a master pump for supplying liquid to operate each of the motors, a supplemental pressure means adjacent each tank, a switch member for starting the master pump by closing a circuit on transmission of a predetermined pressure from said supplemental pressure means,

- means for opening said switch member when the 4pressure falls below a predetermined value, a ,.valve for each tank adapted to connect or dis- 13. In a pumping system for hazardous liquids, v' a plurality of tanks, an hydraulic motor in each l connect its tank motor with the master pump, and means responsive to movement of said Valve for transmitting the pressure of said supplemental pressure means to said switch member for starting the master pump, a movable pipe for each tankl through which liquid is discharged therefrom, means connecting the valve and discharge pipe of each tank so that the valve' is movedin response to movement of the discharge pipe and the master pump started.

18. In a pumping system for volatile hazardous liquids, a pluralityV of tanks,'a liquid motor and pump for each tank adapted to force the liquid from the tank, a master pump for supplying liquid to operate each of the motors, pipe lines to supply liquid from the master pump to the liquid motor, a supplemental line extending adjacent each tank, a switch member for controlling the master pump operation in closing a circuit on attainment of a predetermined pressure in said supplemental line, means for opening said switch member when the pressure in said line falls below a predeter mined value. a valve for each tank adapted to connect or disconnect its tank motor with the master pump, and means responsive to movement a movable pipe for each tank through which liquid e is discharged therefrom, means connecting the valve and discharge pipe of each tank so that the valve is moved in response 'to movement of -the discharge pipe and the master pump started,

a manually operable switch member for closing said circuit in place of the rst mentioned switch 

